Acest termen a fost inventat de omul de stiinta american John Wheeler în 1969 ca o descriere grafica a unei idei care are o vechime de peste 200 de ani. Prima persoana, care aduce in discutie ideea unui corp suficient de mare capabil sa absoarba si lumina, este John Mitchell, in lucrarea sa adresata „Socieatatii Regale din Anglia”.
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